Herpes zoster

General: Caused by varicella zos 555b13f ter virus; about 75% of cases occur in persons over age 45 years; condition is more frequent with advancing age and in patients who are immunocompromised by drugs or disease; in particular, an increasing number of patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus are immunosuppressed.

Ocular: Conjunctivitis; keratitis; recurrent corneal ulcer; neuralgia; zoster rash of eyelids; uveitis; iris atrophy; scleritis; cataract; optic neuritis; paralysis of third nerve; proptosis; paralysis of lids; orbital apex syndrome; retinitis; neurotrophic keratitis; acute retinal necrosis; progressive outer retinal necrosis; ocular motor nerve pareses; tonic pupil; encephalitis; vasculitis.

Clinical: Local lesions involving the posterior or root ganglia; nerve damage; tissue scaring.

Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH. Current Ocular Therapy, 5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2000.

Kattah JC, Kennerdell JS. orbital apex syndrome secondary to herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Am J Ophthalmol 1978; 85:378-382.

Marsh RJ. Idoxuridine (IDU) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the treatment of ophthalmic zoster. Ophthalmol Digest 1977; 39:17-l9.

Partamian LG, et al. Herpes simplex type 1 retinitis in an adult with systemic herpes zoster. Am J Ophthalmol 1981; 92:215-220.